| ïŋ― 58. Literature on Calvin and the Reformation in French Switzerland. | ||||
Important documents relating to the Reformation in French Switzerland are contained in the Archives of Geneva and Bern. Many documents have been recently published by learned Genevese archaeologists, as Galiffe, father and son, Grenus, Revilliod, E. Mallet, ChaponniEre, Fick, and the Society of History and Archaeology of Geneva. | ||||
The best Calvin libraries are in the University of Geneva, where his MSS. are preserved in excellent order, and in the St. Thomasstift at Strassburg. The latter was collected by Profs. Baum, Cunitz, and Reuss, the editors of Calvin's Works, during half a century, and embraces 274 publications of the Reformer (among them 36 Latin and 18 French editions of the Institutio), many rare contemporary works, and 700 modern books bearing upon Calvin and his Reformation. The Society of the History of French Protestantism in Paris (64 rue des saints pEres) has a large collection of printed works. | ||||
I. Correspondence of the Swiss Reformers and their Friends. | ||||
Letters took to a large extent the place of modern newspapers and pamphlets; hence their large number and importance. | ||||
*A. S. Herminjard: Correspondance des reformateurs dans les pays de langue franïŋ―aise, etc. Geneve et Paris (Fischbacher, 33 rue de Seine), 1866-'86, 7 vols. To be continued. The most complete collection of letters of the Reformers of French Switzerland and their friends, with historical and biographical notes. The editor shows an extraordinary familiarity with the history of the French and Swiss Reformation. The first three volumes embrace the period from 1512 to 1536; vols. IV.-VII. extend from 1536 to 1642, or from the publication of Calvin's Institutes to the acceptance of the ecclesiastical ordinances at Geneva. For the following years to the death of Calvin (1564) we have the correspondence in the Strassburg-Brunswick edition of Calvin's works, vols. X.-XX. See below. | ||||
II. The History of Geneva before, during, and after the Reformation: | ||||
Jac. Spon: Histoire de la ville et de l'etat de Geneve. Lyon, 1680, 2 vols.: revised and enlarged by J. A. Gautier, Geneve, 1730, 2 vols. | ||||
J. P. Berenger: Histoire de Geneve jusqu'en 1761. Geneve. 1772, 6 vols | ||||
(Grenus) Fragments biographiques et historiques extraits des registres de Geneve. Geneve, 1815. | ||||
Memoires et Documents publies par la Societïŋ― d'histoire et d'archeologie de Geneve. 1840 sqq., vol. I.-XIV. | ||||
Francois Bonivard: Les chroniques de Geneve. Publies par G. Revilliod. Geneve, 1867, 2 vols. | ||||
*Amedee Roget (Professor at the University of Geneva, d. Sept. 29, 1883): Histoire du peuple de Geneve depuis la reforme jusqu'ïŋ― l'escalade. Geneve, 1870-'83. 7 vols. From 1536 to 1567. The work was to extend to 1602, but was interrupted by the death of the author. Impartial. The best history of Geneva during the Reformation period. The author was neither a eulogist nor a detractor of Calvin. ïŋ― By the same: L'ïŋ―glise et l'etat ïŋ― Geneve du vivant de Calvin. Geneve, 1867 (pp. 91). | ||||
Jacq. Aug. Galiffe: Materiaux pour l'histoire de Geneve. Geneve, 1829 and '30, 2 vols. 8ïŋ―; Notices genealogiques sur les familles genevoises, Geneve, 1829, 4 vols. ïŋ― J. B. G. Galiffe (son of the former, and Professor of the Academy of Geneva): Besancon Hugues, liberateur de Geneve. Historique de la fondation de l'independance Genevoise, Geneve, 1859 (pp. 330); Geneve historique et archeol., Geneve, 1869; Quelques pages d'histoire exacte, soit les procEs criminels intentes ïŋ― Geneve en 1547, pour haute trahison contre noble Ami Perrin, ancien syndic, conseiller et capitaine-general de la republique, et contre son accusateur noble Laurent Meigret dit le Magnifique, Geneve, 1862 (135 pp. 4ïŋ―); Nouvelles pages d'histoire exacte soit le procEs de Pierre Ameaux, Geneve, 1863 (116 pp. 4ïŋ―). The Galiffes, father and son, descended from an old Genevese family, are Protestants, but very hostile to Calvin and his institutions, chiefly from the political point of view. They maintain, on the ground of family papers and the acts of criminal processes, that Geneva was independent and free before Calvin, and that he introduced a system of despotism. ïŋ―La plupart des faits racontes par le medecin Lyonnaisïŋ― (Bolsec), says the elder Galiffe (Notices genealogiques, III. 547), ïŋ―sont parfaitement vrais.ïŋ― He judges Calvin by the modem theory of toleration which Calvin and Beza with their whole age detested. ïŋ―Les veritable protestants genevois,ïŋ― he says, ïŋ―e taient ceux qui voulaient que chacun ïŋ― libre d penser ce que so raison lui inspirait, et de ne faire que ce qu'elle approuvait; mais que personne ne se permit d'attaquer la religion de son prochain, de se moquer de sa croyance, u de le scandaliser par des _onstrations malicieuses et par des fanfaronnades de su_ioriEqui ne prouvent que la fatuiEridicule de ceux qui se nomment les_us.ïŋ― The Galiffes sympathize with Ami Perrin, Francois Favre, Jean Philippe, Jean Lullin, Pierre Vandel, Michael Servet, and all others who were opposed to Calvin. For a fair criticism of the works of the Galiffes, seeLa France Protestante, II. 767 sqq., 2d ed. | ||||
III. The Reformers Before Calvin: | ||||
*Le Chroniqueur. Recueil historique, et journal de l'Helvetie romande, en l'an 1535 et en l'an 1536. Edited by L. Vulliemin, 1835. Lausanne (Marc Duclos), 326 pp. 4ïŋ―. Descriptions and reprints of documents relating to the religious condition in those two years, in the form of a contemporary journal. | ||||
Melchior Kirchhofer (of Schaffhausen, 1773-1853). Das Leben Wilhelm Farels aus den Quellen bearbeitet. Zïŋ―rich, 1831 and '33, 2 vols. (pp. 251 and 190, no index). Very good for that time. He also wrote biographies of Haller, Hofmeister, Myconius. | ||||
C. CheneviEre: Farel, Froment, Viret, reformateurs relig. Geneve, 1835. | ||||
H. Jaquemot: Viret, reformateur de Lausanne. Strassburg, 1856. | ||||
F. Godet (Professor and Pastor in Neuchatel): Histoire de la reformation et du refuge dans le pays de Neuchatel. Neuchatel, 1859 (209 pp.). Chiefly devoted to the labors of Farel, but carries the history down to the immigration of French refugees after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. | ||||
C. Schmidt (of Strassburg): Wilhelm Farel und Peter Viret. Nach handschriftlichen und gleichzeitigen Quellen. Elberfeld, 1860. (In vol. IX. of the ïŋ―Leben und ausgewaehlte Schriften der Vaeter der reform. Kirche.ïŋ―) | ||||
T. Cart: Pierre Viret, le reformateur vaudois. Lausanne, 1864. | ||||
C. Junod: Farel, reformateur de la Swisse romande et reformateur de l'ïŋ―glise de Neuchatel. Neuchatel et Paris, 1865. | ||||
IV. Works and Correspondence of John Calvin: | ||||
Joh. Calvini: Opera quae supersunt omnia, ed. G. Baum, E. Cunitz, E. Reuss, theologi Argentoratenses. Brunsvigae, 1863 sqq. (in the Corp. Reform.). So far (1892) 48 vols. 4ïŋ―. The most complete and most critical edition. The three editors died before the completion of their work, but left material for the remaining volumes (vols. 45 sqq.) which are edited by Alf. Erichson. | ||||
Older Latin edd., Geneva, 1617, 7 vols. folio, and Amstelod., 1667-'71, in 9 vols. folio. Separate Latin editions of the Institutes, by Tholuck (Berlin, 1834 and '46), and of the Commentaries on Genesis by Hengstenberg (Berlin, 1838), on the Psalms (Berlin, 1830-'34), and the New Testament, except the Apocalypse (1833-'38, in 7 vols.), by Tholuck. The same books have also been separately republished in French. | ||||
An English edition of Calvin's Works, by the ïŋ―Calvin Translation Society,ïŋ― Edinburgh, 1843-'53, in 52 vols. The Institutes have been translated by Allen (London, 1813, often reprinted by the Presbyterian Board of Publication in Philadelphia), and by Henry Beveridge (Edinburgh, 1846). German translations of his Institutes by Fr. Ad. Krummacher (1834) and by B. Spiess (the first edition of 1536, Wiesbaden, 1887), and of parts of his Comment., by C. F. L. Matthieu (1859 sqq.). | ||||
The extensive correspondence of Calvin was first edited in part by Beza and Jonvilliers (Calvin's secretary), Genevae, 1575, and other editions; then by Bretschneider (the Gotha Letters), Lips. 1835; by A. Crottet, Geneve, 1850; much more completely By JULES BONNET, Lettres Franïŋ―aises, Paris, 1854, 2 vols.; an English translation (from the French and Latin) by D. Constable and M. R. Gilchrist, Edinburgh and Philadelphia (Presbyterian Board of Publication), 1855 sqq., in 4 vols. (the fourth with an index), giving the letters in chronological order (till 1558). The last and best edition is by the Strassburg Professors in Calvini Opera, vol. X. Part II. to vol. XX., with ample Prolegomena on the various editions of Calvin's Letters and the manuscript sources. His letters down to 1542 are also given by Herminjard, vols. VI. and VII., quoted above. | ||||
V. Biographies of Calvin: | ||||
*Theodor Beza (d. 1605): Johannis Calvini Vita. First published with Calvin's posthumous Commentary on Joshua, in the year of his death. It is reprinted in all editions of Calvin's works, and in Tholuck's edition of Calvin's Commentary on the Gospels. In the same year Beza published a French edition under the title, L'Histoire de la vie et mort de Maistre Jean Calvin avec le testament et derniere volonte dudit Calvin: et le catalogue des livres par luy composez. Geneve, 1564; second French edition, enlarged and improved by his friend and colleague, Nic. Colladon, 1565; best edition, Geneva, 1657 (very rare, 204 pp.), which has been carefully republished from a copy in the Mazarin library, with an introduction and notes by Alfred Franklin, Paris, 1869 (pp. lxi and 294). This edition should be consulted. The three biographies of Beza (two French and one Latin) are reprinted in the Brunswick edition of Calvin's Opera with a notice litteraire, Tom. XXI. pp. 6-172, to which are added the Epitaphia in lo. Calvinum scripta (Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and French). There are also German, English, and Italian translations of this biography. An English translation by Francis Sibson of Trinity College, Dublin, reprinted in Philadelphia, 1836; another by Beveridge, Edinburgh, 1843. | ||||
The biography of Beza as enlarged by Colladon, though somewhat eulogistic, and especially Calvin's letters and works, and the letters of his friends who knew him best, furnish the chief material for an authentic biography. | ||||
Hierosme Hermes Bolsec: Histoire de la vie, moeurs, actes, doctrine, constance et mort de Jean Calvin, jadis ministre de Geneve, dedie au Reverendissime archeuesque, conte de l'ïŋ―glise de Lyon, et Primat de France, Lyon, 1577 (26 chs. and 143 pp.); republished at Paris, 1582; and with an introduction and notes by L. Fr. Chastel, Lyon, 1875 (pp. xxxi and 328). I have used Chastel's edition. A Latin translation, De J. Calvini magni quondam Genevensium ministri vita, moribus, rebus gestis, studiis ac denique morte, appeared in Paris, 1577, also at Cologne, 1580; a German translation at Cologne, 1581. Bolsec was a Carmelite monk, then physician at Geneva, expelled on account of Pelagian views and opposition to Calvin, 1551; returned to the Roman Church; d. at Annecy about 1584. His book is a mean and unscrupulous libel, inspired by feelings of hatred and revenge; but some of his facts are true, and have been confirmed by the documents published by Galiffe. Bolsec wrote a similar biography of Beza: Histoire de la vie, moeurs, doctrine et deportments de Th. de BEze dit le Spectable, 1582. A French writer says, ïŋ―Ces biographies sont un tissu de calomnies qu' aucun historien serieux, pas mïŋ―me le P. Maimbourg, n'a ose admettre et dont plus recemment M. Mignet a fait bonne justice.ïŋ― (A. Reville in Lichtenberger's ïŋ―Encycl.,ïŋ― II. 343.) Comp. the article ïŋ―Bolsecïŋ― in La France Protestante, 2d ed. (1879), II. 745-776. | ||||
Antibolseccus. Cleve, 1622. Of this book I find only the title. | ||||
Jacques Le Vasseur (canon and dean of the Church of Noyon): Annales de l'ïŋ―glise cathedrale de Noyon. Paris, 1633, 2 vols. 4ïŋ―. Contains some notices on the birth and relations of Calvin. | ||||
Jacques Desmay (R. C.): Remarques sur la vie de J. Calvin heresiarque tirees des Registres de Noyon. Rouen, 1621 and 1657. | ||||
Charles Drelincourt (pastor at Charenton): La defense de Calvin contre l'outrage fait ïŋ― sa memoire. Geneve, 1667; in German, Hanau, 1671. A refutation of the slanders of Bolsec and a posthumous book of Cardinal Richelieu on the easiest and surest method of conversion of those who separated themselves from the Roman Church. Bayle gives an epitome in his Dictionnaire. | ||||
Melchior Adam: Vita Calvini, in his Vitae Theologorum, etc. 3d ed. Francof., 1705 (Part II., Decades duae, etc., pp. 32-55). Chiefly from Beza. | ||||
Elijah Waterman (pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Bridgeport, Conn.) Memoirs of the Life and Writings of John Calvin: together with a selection of Letters written by him and other distinguished Reformers. Hartford, 1813. | ||||
Vincent Audin (R. C., 1793-1851): Histoire de la vie, des ouvrages et des doctrines de Calvin. Paris, 1841, 2 vols.; 5th ed. 1851; 6th ed. 1873. English translation by John Mc Gill; German translation, 1843. Written like a novel, with a deceptive mixture of truth and falsehood. It is a Bolsec redivivus. Audin says that he first cast away the book of Bolsec ïŋ―as a shameful libel. All testimony was against Bolsec: Catholics and Protestants equally accused him. But, after a patient study of the reformer, we are now compelled to admit, in part, the recital of the physician of Lyon. Time has declared for Bolsec; each day gives the lie to the apologists of Calvin.ïŋ― He boasts of having consulted more than a thousand volumes on Calvin, but betrays his polemical bias by confessing that he ïŋ―desired to prove that the refugee of Noyon was fatal to civilization, to the arts, and to civil and religious liberty.ïŋ― Audin wrote in the same spirit the history of Luther (1839, 3 vols.), Henry VIII. (1847), and Leo X. (1851). His work is disowned and virtually refuted by fair-minded Catholics like Kampschulte, Cornelius, and Funk. | ||||
*Paul Henry, D. D. (pastor of a French Reformed Church in Berlin): Das Leben Johann Calvins des grossen Reformators, etc. (dedicated to Neander). Hamburg, 1835-44, 3 vols. English translation (but without the notes and appendices, and differing from the author on the case of Servetus) by Henry Stebbing, London and New York, 1851, in 2 vols. This large work marks an epoch as an industrious collection of valuable material, but is ill digested, and written with unbounded admiration for Calvin. Henry wrote also, in opposition to Audin and Galiffe, an abridged Leben Johann Calvin's. Ein Zeugniss fuer die Wahrheit. Hamburg and Gotha, 1846 (pp. 498). | ||||
Thomas Smyth, D. D.: Calvin and his Enemies. 1843; new ed. Philadelphia (Presbyterian Board of Publication), 1856, and again 1881. Apologetic. | ||||
Thomas H. Dyer: The Life of John Calvin. London (John Murray), 1850, pp. 560 (republished, New York, 1851). Graphic and impartial, founded upon Calvin's correspondence, Henry, and Trechsel (Antitrinitarier). | ||||
Felix Bungener: Calvin, sa vie, son oeuvre, et ses ecrits. Paris, 2d ed. 1863 (pp. 468). English translation, Edinburgh, 1863. | ||||
*E. Staehelin (Reformed minister at Basel): Johannes Calvin; Leben und ausgewaehlte Schriften. Elberfeld, 1863, 2 vols. (in ïŋ―Vaeter und Begruender der reform. Kirche,ïŋ― vol. IV. in two parts). One of the best biographies, though not as complete as Henry's, and in need of modification and additions from more recent researches. | ||||
Paul Pressel (Luth.): Johann Calvin. Ein evangelisches Lebensbild. Elberfeld, 1864 (pp. 263). For the tercentenary of Calvin's death (May 27, 1864). Based upon Staehelin, Henry, Mignet, and Bonnet's edition of Calvin's letters. | ||||
Albert Rilliet: Bibliographie de la vie de Calvin. ïŋ―Correspond. litteraire.ïŋ― Paris, 1864. La premier sejour de Calvin ïŋ― Geneve. Gen. 1878. | ||||
*Guizot (the great historian and statesman, a descendant of the Huguenots, d. at Val Richer, Sept. 12, 1874): St. Louis and Calvin. London, 1868. Comp. also his sketch in the Musee des protestants celEbres. | ||||
*F. W. Kampschulte (a liberal Roman Catholic, Professor of History at Bonn, died an Old Catholic, 1872): Joh. Calvin, seine Kirche und sein Staat in Genf. Leipzig, 1869, vol. I. (vols. II. and III. have not appeared). A most able, critical, and, for a Catholic, remarkably fair and liberal work, drawn in part from unpublished sources. ïŋ― In the same spirit of fairness, Prof. Funk of Tuebingen wrote an article on Calvin in the 2d ed. of Wetzer and Welte's Catholic Kirchenlexicon, II. 1727-1744. | ||||
Thomas M'Crie, D. D.: The Early Years of John Calvin. A Fragment, 1509-1536. A posthumous work, edited by William Ferguson. Edinburgh, 1880 (pp. 199). Valuable as far as it goes. | ||||
Art. ïŋ―Calvinïŋ― in La France Protestante, Paris, 2d ed. vol. III. (1881), 508-639. | ||||
Abel Lefranc: La jeunesse de Calvin. Paris, 1888 (pp. 229). The author brings to light new facts on the extent of the Protestant movement at Noyon. ïŋ― Comp. his Histoire de la Ville de Noyon et de ses institutions. Paris, 1888. | ||||
Annales Calviniani by the editors of the Brunswick edition of Calvin's Opera. Tom. XXI. 183-818. From 1509 to 1572. Invaluable for reference. | ||||
VI. Biographical Sketches and Essays on Special Points Connected with Calvin: | ||||
Fr. Aug. Alex. Mignet (eminent French historian and academician, 1796-1884): Memoire sur l'etablissement de la reforme et sur la constitution du Calvinisme ïŋ― Geneve. Paris, 1834. The same in German, Leipzig, 1843. | ||||
G. Weber: Geschichtliche Darstellung des Calvinismus im Verhaetniss zum Staat in Genf und Frankreich bis zur Aufhebung des Edikts von Nantes. Heidelberg, 1836 (pp. 372). | ||||
* J. J. Herzog: Joh. Calvin, Basel, 1843; and in his Real-Encyklop.2 vol. III. 77-106. | ||||
*Jules Bonnet: Lettres de Jean Calvin, 1854; Calvin au val d'Aoste, 1861 Idelette de Bure, femme de Calvin (in ïŋ―Bulletin de la societïŋ― de l'histoire du Protest. franïŋ―ais,ïŋ― 1856, Nos. 11 and 12); Recits du seiziEme Siïŋ―cle, Paris, 1864; Nouveaux recits, 1870; Derniers recits, 1876. | ||||
E. Renan: Jean Calvin, in E tudes d'histoire religieuse, 5th ed. Paris, 1862; English translation by O. B. Frothingham Studies of Religious History and Criticism, New York, 1864, pp. 285-297). | ||||
J. H. Albert Rilliet: Lettre ïŋ― M. Merle D'Aubigne sur deux points obscurs de la vie de Calvin, Geneve, 1864. Le premier sejour de Calvin a Geneve, in his and Dufour's edition of Calvin's French Catechism, Geneve, 1878. | ||||
Moenkeberg: Joachim Westphal and Joh. Calvin. Hamburg, 1866. | ||||
J. Koestlin: Calvin's Institutio nach Form und Inhalt. | ||||
Edmond Stern: La theorie du culte d'aprïŋ―s Calvin. Strassburg, 1869. | ||||
James Anthony Froude: Calvinism, an Address delivered to the Students of St. Andrews, March 17, 1871 (in his Short Studies on Great Subjects, Second Series, New York, 1873, pp. 9-53). | ||||
Principal William Cunningham (Free Church of Scotland, d. 1861): The Reformers and the Theology of the Reformers. Edinburgh, 1862. | ||||
Principal John Tulloch (of the Established Church of Scotland, d. 1885): Leaders of the Reformation. Edinburgh, 1859; 3d ed. 1883. | ||||
Philip Schaff: John Calvin, in the ïŋ―Bibliotheca Sacra,ïŋ― Andover, 1857, pp. 125-146, and in Creeds of Christendom (New York, 1877), I. 421-471. | ||||
A. A. Hodge (d. at Princeton, 1885): Calvinism, in Johnson's ïŋ―Universal Cyclopaediaïŋ― (New York, 1875 sqq.), vol. I. pp. 727-734; new ed. 1886, vol. I. 676-683. | ||||
Lyman H. Atwater: Calvinism in Doctrine and Life, in the, ïŋ―Presbyterian Quarterly and Princeton Review,ïŋ― New York, January, 1875, pp. 73-106. | ||||
Dardier and Jundt: Calvin, in Lichtenberger's ïŋ―Encyclopedie des sciences religieuses,ïŋ― Tom. II. 529-557. (Paris, 1877.) | ||||
P. Lobstein: Die Ethik Calvins in ihren Grundzuegen. Strassburg, 1877. | ||||
W. Lindsay Alexander: Calvin, in ïŋ―Encycl. Brit.,ïŋ― 9th ed. vol. IV. 714 sqq. | ||||
Pierre Vaucher: Calvin et les Genevois. Gen. 1880. | ||||
A. Pierson: Studien over Joh. Kalvijn. Haarlem, 1881-'83. | ||||
J. M. Usteri: Calvin's Sacraments und Tauflehre. 1884. | ||||
B. Fontana: Documenti dell' archivio Vaticano e dell' Estense, circa il soggiorno di Calv. a Ferrara. Rom. 1885. E. Comba in ïŋ―Revisita Christ.,ïŋ― 1885, IV.-VII. | ||||
C. A. Cornelius (liberal Catholic): Die Verbannung Calvins aus Genf. im J. 1536. Muenchen, 1886. Die Rueckkehr Calvins nach Genf. I. Die Guillermins (pp. 62); II. Die Artichauds; III. Die Berufung (pp. 102). Muenchen, 1888 and 1889. Separate print from the ïŋ―Abhandlungen der K. bayer. Akademie der Wissenschaften,ïŋ― XIX. Bd. II. Abth. Cornelius, a friend of Doellinger, agrees in his high estimate of Calvin with Kampschulte, but dwells chiefly on the political troubles of Geneva during Calvin's absence (with large quotations from Herminjard's collection of letters), and stops with Calvin's return, September, 1540. | ||||
Charles W. Shields: Calvin's Doctrine on Infant Salvation, in the ïŋ―Presb. and Ref. Review,ïŋ― New York, 1890, pp. 634-651. Tries to show that Calvin taught universal infant salvation(?). | ||||
Ed. Stricker: Johann Calvin als erster Pfarrer der reformirten Gemeinde zu Strassburg. Nach urkundlichen Quellen. Strassburg, 1890 (vi and 66 pp.). ïŋ― In connection with Calvin's sojourn at Strassburg may also be consulted, R. Reuss: Histoire de l'ïŋ―glise de Strassbourg, 1880; and A. Erichson: L'ïŋ―glise franïŋ―aise de Strassbourg au XVIme Siïŋ―cle, 1886. | ||||
E. Doumergue (Professor of Church History at Montauban): Essai sur l'histoire du culte reforme principalement au XVIe et au Xl Xe Siïŋ―cle. Paris, 1890. The first part, pp. 1-116, treats of Calvin's Liturgies and labors for church poetry and music. | ||||
The literature on Servetus will be given below, in the section on Calvin and Servetus. | ||||
VII. Histories of the Reformation in French Switzerland: | ||||
Abr. Ruchat (Professor of Theology in the Academy of Lausanne, d. 1750): Histoire de la reformation de la Suisse. Geneve, 1727 sq., 6 vols.; new ed. with appendices, by Prof. L. Vulliemin, Nyon, 1835-'38, 7 vols. Comes down to 1566. Strongly anti-Romish and devoted to Bern, diffuse and inelegant in style, but full of matter, ïŋ―un recueil de savantes dissertations, un extrait de documentsïŋ― (Dardier, in Lichtenberger's ïŋ―Encyclop.,ïŋ― XI. 345). ïŋ― An English abridgment in one volume by J. Collinson: History of the Reformation in Switzerland by Ruchat. London, 1845. Goes to 1537. | ||||
Dan. Gerdes (1698-1767): Introductio in Historiam Evangelii seculo XVI. passim per Europam renovati doctrinaeque Reformatae; accedunt varia monumenta pietatis atque rei literariae. Groningae, 1744-'52, 4 vols. Contains pictures of the Reformers and interesting documents. Parts of vols. I., II., and IV. treat of the Swiss Reformation. | ||||
C. B. Hundeshagen (Professor in Bern, afterwards in Heidelberg and Bonn; d. 1872): Die Conflicte des Zwinglianismus, Lutherthums und Calvinismus in der Bernischen Landeskirche von 1532-1558. Nach meist ungedruckten Quellen. Bern, 1842. | ||||
*J. Gaberel (ancien pasteur): Histoire de l'ïŋ―glise de Geneve depuis le commencement de la reforme jusqu'en 1815. Geneve, 1855-63, 3 vols. | ||||
P. Charpenne: Histoire de la reformation et des reformateurs de Geneve. Paris, 1861. | ||||
Fleury: Histoire de l'ïŋ―glise de Geneve. Geneve, 1880. 2 vols. | ||||
The works of Amad. Roget, quoted sub II. | ||||
*Merle D'Aubigne (Professor of Church History in the Free Church Theological Seminary at Geneva): Histoire de la reformation en Europe au temps du Calvin. Paris, 1863-'78. English translation in several editions, the best by Longmans, Green & Co., London, 1863-'78, 8 vols.; American edition by Carter, New York, 1870-'79, 8 vols. The second division of Merle's work on the Reformation. The last three volumes were edited after his death (Oct. 21, 1872) by Duchemin and Binder, and translated by William L. R. Cates. The work gives the history of the Reformation in Geneva down to 1542, and of the other Reformed Churches to the middle of the sixteenth century. It is, therefore, incomplete, but, as far as it goes, the most extensive, eloquent, and dramatic history of the Reformation by an enthusiastic partisan of the Reformers, especially Calvin, in full sympathy with their position and faith, except on the union of Church and State and the persecution of heretics. The first division, which is devoted to the Lutheran Reformation till 1530, had an extraordinary circulation in England and America. Ranke, with his calm, judicial temperament, wondered that such a book could be written in the nineteenth century. (See Preface to vol. VII. p. vi, note.) | ||||
Etienne Chastel (Professor of Church History in the University of Geneva, d. 1882): Histoire du Christianisme. Paris, 1882, 5 vols. Tom. IV. 66 sqq. treats of the Swiss Reformation. | ||||
G. P. Fisher: The Reformation. New York, 1873, ch. VII. pp. 192-241. | ||||
Philippe Godet (son of Frederic, the commentator): Histoire litteraire de la Suisse franïŋ―aise. Neuchïŋ―tel and Paris, 1890. Ch. II. 51-112 treats of the Reformers (Farel, Viret, Froment, Calvin, and Beza). | ||||
Virgile Rossel: Histoire litteraire de la Suisse romande. Geneve (H. Georg), 1890, 2 vols. The first vol. Des origines jusqu'au XVIIIme Siïŋ―cle. | ||||
The Histories of the Reformation in France usually give also an account of the labors of Farel, Calvin, and Beza; e.g. the first volume of Gottlob von Polenz: Geschichte des franzoesischen Calvinismus (Gotha, 1857 sqq.). | ||||