| 2. Sources and Literature. | ||||
For works covering the entire period, see V. 1. 1-3, such as the collections of Mansi, Muratori, and the Rolls Series; Friedberg's Decretum Gratiani, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1879-1881; Hefele-Knoepfler: Conciliengeschichte; Mirbt: Quellen zur Geschichte des Papstthums, 2d ed., 1901; the works of Gregorovius and Bryce, the General Church and Doctrinal Histories of Gieseler, Hefele, Funk, Hergenroether-Kirsch, Karl Mueller, Harnack Loofs, and Seeberg; the Encyclopaedias of Herzog, Wetzer-Welte, Leslie Stephen, Potthast, and Chevalier; the Atlases of F. W. Putzger, Leipzig, Heussi and Mulert, Tuebingen, 1905, and Labberton, New York. L. Pastor: Geschichte der Papste, etc., 4 vols., 4th ed., 1901-1906, and Mandell Creighton: History of the Papacy, etc., London, 1882-1894, also cover the entire period in the body of their works and their Introductory Chapters. There is no general collection of ecclesiastical author far this period corresponding to Migne's Latin Patrology. | ||||
For Boniface VIII. Regesta Bonifatii in Potthast: Regesta pontificum rom., II., 1923-2024, 2133 sq. Les Registres de Boniface VIII., ed. Digard, Faucon et Thomas, 7 Fasc., Paris, 1884-1903. Hist. Eccles. of Ptolemaeus of Lucca, Vitae Pontif. of Bernardus Guidonis, Chron. Pontif. of Amalricus Augers Hist. rerum in Italia gestarum of Ferretus Vicentinus, and Chronica universale of Villani, all in Muratori: Rerum Ital. Scriptores, III. 670 sqq., X. 690 sqq., XI. 1202 sqq., XIIL 348 sqq. Selections from Villani, trans. by Rose E. Selfe, ed. by P. H. Wicksteed, Westminster, 1897. Finke: Aus den Tagen Bonifaz VIII., Muenster, 1902. Prints valuable documents pp. i-ccxi. Also Acta Aragonensia. Quellen... zur Kirchen und Kulturgeschichte aus der diplomatischen Korrespondenz Jayme II, 1291-1327, 2 vols., Berlin, 1908. Doellinger: Beitraege zur politischen, kirchlichen und Culturgeschichte der letzten 6 Jahrh., 3 vols., Vienna, 1862-1882. Vol. III., pp. 347-353, contains a Life of Boniface drawn from the Chronicle of Orvieto by an eye-witness, and other documents. Denifle: Die Denkschriften der Colonna gegen Bonifaz VIII., etc., in Archiv fuer Lit. und Kirchengeschichte des M. A., 1892, V. 493 sqq. Dante: Inferno, XIX. 52 sqq., XXVII. 85 sqq.; Paradiso, IX. 132, XXVII. 22, XXX. 147. Modern Works. J. Rubeus: Bonif. VIII. e familia Cajetanorum, Rome, 1651. Magnifies Boniface as an ideal pope. P Dupuy: Hist. du differend entre le Pape Bon. et Philip le Bel, Paris, 1655. Baillet (a Jansenist): Hist. des desmelez du Pape Bon. VIII. avec Philip le Bel, Paris, 1718. L. Tosti: Storia di Bon. VIII. e de'suoi tempi, 2 vols., Rome, 1846. A glorification of Boniface. W. Drumann: Gesch. Bonifatius VIII. 2 vols., Koenigsberg, 1862. Cardinal Wiseman: Pope Bon. VIII. in his Essays, III. 161-222. Apologetic. Boutaric: La France sous Philippe le Bel, Paris, 1861. R. Holtzmann: W. von Nogaret, Freiburg, 1898. E. Renan: Guil. de Nogaret, in Hist. Litt. de France, XXVII. 233 sq.; also Etudes sur la politique Rel. du r gne de Phil. Ie Bel, Paris, 1899. Doellinger: Anagni in Akad. Vortraege, III. 223-244. Heinrich Finke (Prof. in Freiburg): as above. Also Papsttum und Untergang des Tempelordens, 2 vols., Muenster, 1907. J. Haller: Papsttum und Kirchenreform, Berlin, 1903. Rich. Scholz: Die Publizistik zur Zeit Philipps des Schoenen und Bonifaz VIII., Stuttgart, 1903. The Ch. Histt. of Gieseler, Hergenroether-Kirsch 4th ed., 1904, II. 582-598, F. X. Funk, 4th ed., 1902, Hefele 3d ed., 1902, K. Mueller, Hefele-Knoepfler: Conciliengeschichte, VI. 281-364. Ranke: Univers. Hist., IX. Gregorovius: History of the City of Rome, V. Wattenbach: Gesch. des roem. Papstthums, 2d ED., Berlin, 1876, pp. 211-226. G. B. Adams: Civilization during the Middle Ages, New York, 1894, ch. XIV. Art. Bonifatius by Hauck in Herzog, III. 291-300. | ||||
For Literary Attacks upon the Papacy. Dante Allighiere: De monarchia, ed. by Witte, Vienna, 1874; Giuliani, Florence, 1878; Moore, Oxford, 1894. Eng. trans. by F. C. Church, together with the essay on Dante by his father, R. W. Church, London, 1878; P. H. Wicksteed, Hull, 1896; Aurelia Henry, Boston, 1904. Dante's De monarchia, Valla's De falsa donatione Constantini, and other anti-papal documents are given in De jurisdictione, auctoritate et praeeminentia imperiali, Basel, 1566. Many of the tracts called forth by the struggle between Boniface VIII. and Philip IV. are found in Melchior Goldast: Monarchia S. Romani imperii, sive tractatus de jurisdictione imperiali seu regia et pontificia seu sacerdotali, etc., Hanover, 1610, pp. 756, Frankfurt, 1668. With a preface dedicated to the elector, John Sigismund of Brandenburg; in Dupuy: Hist. du Differend, etc., Paris, 1655, and in Finke and Scholz. See above. E. Zeck: De recuperatione terrae Sanctae, Ein Traktat d. P. Dubois, Berlin, 1906. For summary and criticism, S. Riezler: Die literarischen Widersacher der Paepste zur Zeit Ludwig des Baiers, pp. 131-166. Leipzig, 1874. R. L. Poole: Opposition to the Temporal Claims of the Papacy, in his Illustrations of the Hist. of Med. Thought, pp. 256-281, London, 1884. Finke: Aus den Tagen Bonifaz VIII., pp. 169 sqq., etc. Denifle: Chartularium Un. Parisiensis, 4 vols. Haller: Papsttum. Artt. in Wetzer-Welte, Colonna, III. 667-671, and Johann von Paris, VI. 1744-1746, etc. Renan: Pierre Dubois in Hist. Litt. de France, XXVI. 471-536. Hergenroether-Kirsch: Kirchengesch., II. 754 sqq. | ||||
For Transfer Of The Papacy To Avignon. Benedict XI.: Registre de Benoit XI., ed. C. Grandjean. For Clement V., Clementis papae V. regestum ed. cura et studio monachorum ord. S. Benedicti, 9 vols., Rome, 1885-1892. Etienne Baluze: Vitae paparum Avenoniensium 1305-1394, dedicated to Louis XIV. and placed on the Index, 2 vols., Paris, 1693. Raynaldus: ad annum, 1304 sqq., for original documents. W. H. Bliss: Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registries relating to Great Britain and Ireland, I.-IV., London, 1896-1902. Giovanni and Matteo Villani: Hist. of Florence sive Chronica universalis, bks. VIII. sq. M. Tangl: Die paepstlichen Regesta von Benedict XII.-Gregor XI., Innsbruck, 1898. Mansi: Concil., XXV. 368 sqq., 389 sqq. J. B. Christophe: Hist. de la papaute pendant le XIVe Si cle, 2 vols., Paris, 1853. C. von Hoefler: Die avignonesischen Paepste, Vienna, 1871. Faucon: La Libraire Des Papes d'Avignon, 2 vols., Paris, 1886 sq. M. Souchon: Die Papstwahlen von Bonifaz VIII.-Urban VI., Braunschweig, 1888. A. Eitel: D. Kirchenstaat unter Klemens V., Berlin, 1905. Clinton Locke: Age of the Great Western Schism, pp. 1-99, New York, 1896. J. H. Robinson: Petrarch, New York, 1898. Schwab: J. Gerson, pp. 1-7. Doellinger-Friedrich: Das Papstthum, Munich, 1892. Pastor: Geschichte der Papste seit dem Ausgang des M. A., 4 vols., 3d and 4th ed., 1901 sqq., I. 67-114. Stubbs: Const. Hist. of England. Capes: The English Church in the 14th and 15th Centuries, London, 1900. Wattenbach: Roem. Papstthum, pp. 226-241. Haller: Papsttum, etc. Hefele-Knoepfler: VI. 378-936. Ranke: Univers. Hist., IX. Gregorovius: VI. The Ch. Histt. of Gieseler, Hergenroether-Kirsch, II. 737-776, Mueller, II. 16-42. Ehrle: Der Nachlass Clemens V. in Archiv fuer Lit. u. Kirchengesch., V. 1-150. For the fall of the Templars, see for Lit. V. 1. p. 301 sqq., and especially the works of Boutaric, Prutz, Schottmueller, Doellinger. Funk in Wetzer-Welte, XI. 1311-1345. LEA: Inquisition, III. Finke: Papsttum und Untergang des Tempelordens, 2 vols., 1907. Vol. II. contains Spanish documents, hitherto unpublished, bearing on the fall of the Templars, especially letters to and from King Jayme of Aragon. They are confirmatory of former views. | ||||
For The Pontificate of John XXII. Lettres secr tes et curiales du pape Jean XXII. relative a la France, ed. Aug. Coulon, 3 Fasc., 1900 sq. Lettres communes de p. Jean XXII., ed. Mollat, 3 vols, Paris, 1904-1906. J. Guerard: Documents pontificeaux sur la Gascogne. Pontificat de Jean XXII., 2 vols., Paris, 1897-1903. Baluze: Vitae paparum. V. Velarque: Jean XXII. sa vie et ses aeuvres, Paris, 1883. J. Schwalm, Appellation d. Koenig Ludwigs des Baiern v. 1324, Riezler: D. Lit. Widersacher. Also Vatikanische Akten zur deutschen Gesch. zur Zeit Ludwigs des Bayern, Innsbruck, 1891. K. Mueller: Der Kampf Ludwigs des Baiern mit der roemischen Curie, 2 vols., Tuebingen, 1879 sq. Ehrle: Die Spirituallen, ihr Verhaetniss zum Franciskanerorden, etc., in Archiv fuer Lit. und Kirchengesch., 1885, p. 509 sqq., 1886, p. 106 sqq., 1887, p. 553 sqq., 1890. Also P. J. Olivi: S. Leben und s. Schriften 1887, pp. 409-540. Doellinger: Deutschlands Kampf mit dem Papstthum unter Ludwig dem Bayer in Akad. Vortraege, I. 119-137. Hefele: VI. 546-579. Lea: Inquisition, I. 242-304. The Artt. in Wetzer-Welte, Franziskanerorden, IV. 1650-1683, and Armut, I. 1394-1401. Artt. John XXII. in Herzog, IX. 267-270, and Wetzer-Welte, VIII. 828 sqq. Haller: Papsttum, p. 91 sqq. Stubbs: Const. Hist. of England. Gregorovius, VI. PASTOR: I. 80 sqq. | ||||
For The Papal Office Assailed. Some of the tracts may be found in Goldast: Monarchia, Hanover, 1610, e.g. Marsiglius of Padua, II. 164-312; Ockam's Octo quaestionum decisiones super potestate ac dignitate papali, II. 740 sqq., and Dialogus inter magistrum et discipulum, etc., II., 399 sqq. Special edd. are given in the body of the chap. and may be found under Alvarus Pelagius, Marsiglius, etc., in Potthast: Bibl. med. aevi. Un trattato inedito di Egidio Colonna: De ecclesiae potestate, ed. G. U. Oxilia et G. Boffito, Florence, 1908, pp. lxxxi, 172. Schwab: Gerson, pp. 24-28. Mueller: D. Kampf Ludwigs des Baiern. Riezler: Die Lit. Widersacher der Paepste, etc., Leipzig, 1874. Marcour: Antheil der Minoriten am Kampf zwischen Ludwig dem Baiern und Johann XXII., Emmerich, 1874. Poole: The Opposition to the Temporal Claims of the Papacy, in Illust. of the Hist. of Med. Thought, pp. 256-281. Haller: Papsttum, etc., pp. 73-89. English trans. of Marsiglius of Padua, The Defence of Peace, by W. Marshall, London, 1636. M. Birck: Marsilio von Padua und Alvaro Pelayo ueber Papst und Kaiser, Muehlheim, 1868. B. Labanca, Prof. of Moral Philos. in the Univ. of Rome: Marsilio da Padova, riformatore politico e religioso, Padova, 1882, pp. 236. L. Jourdan: Etude sur Marsile de Padoue, Montauban, 1892. J. Sullivan: Marsig. of Padua, in Engl. Hist. Rev., 1906, pp. 293-307. An examination of the MSS. See also Doellinger-Friedrich: Papstthum; Pastor, I. 82 sqq.; Gregorovius, VI. 118 sqq., the Artt. in Wetzer-Welte, Alvarus Pelagius, I. 667 sq., Marsiglius, VIII., 907-911, etc., and in Herzog, XII. 368 370, etc. N. Valois: Hist. Litt., Paris, 1900, XXIII., 628-623, an Art. on the authors of the Defensor. | ||||
For The Financial System of the Avignon Popes. Ehrle: Schatz, Bibliothek und Archiv der Paepste im 14ten Jahrh., in Archiv fuer Lit. u. Kirchengesch., I. 1-49, 228-365, also D. Nachlass Clemens V. und der in Betreff desselben von Johann XXII. gefuehrte Process, V. 1-166. Ph. Woker: Das kirchliche Finanzwesen der Paepste, Noerdlingen, 1878. M. Tangl: Das Taxenwesen der paepstlichen Kanzlei vom 13ten his zur Mitte des 15ten Jahrh., Innsbruck, 1892. J. P. Kirsch: Die paepstl. Kollektorien in Deutschland im XIVten Jahrh., Paderborn, 1894; Die Finanzverwaltung des Kardinalkollegiums im XIII. u. XIV. ten Jahrh., Muenster, 1896; Die Rueckkehr der Paepste Urban V. und Gregor XI. con Avignon nach Rom. Auszuege aus den Kameralregistern des Vatikan. Archivs, Paderborn, 1898; Die paepstl. Annaten in Deutschland im XIV. Jahrh. 1323-1360, Paderborn, 1903. P. M. Baumgarten: Untersuchungen und Urkunden ueber die Camera Collegii Cardinalium, 1295-1437, Leipzig, 1898. A. Gottlob: Die paepstl. Kreuzzugsteuern des 13ten Jahrh., Heiligenstadt, 1892; Die Servitientaxe im 13ten Jahrh., Stuttgart, 1903. Emil Goeller: Mittheilungen u. Untersuchungen ueber das paepstl. Register und Kanzleiwesen im 14ten Jahrh., Rome, 1904; D. Liber Taxarum d. paepstl. Rammer. Eine Studie zu ihrer Entstehung u. Anlage, Rome, 1906, pp. 106. Haller: Papsttum u. Kirchenreform; also Aufzeichnungen ueber den paepstl. Haushalt aus Avignonesischer Zeit; die Vertheilung der Servitia minuta u. die Obligationen der Praeaten im 13ten u. 14ten Jahrh.; Die Ausfertigung der Provisionen, etc., all in Quellen u. Forschungen, ed. by the Royal Prussian Institute in Rome, Rome, 1897, 1898. C. Lux: Constitutionum apostolicarum de generali beneficiorum reservatione, 1265-1378, etc., Wratislav, 1904. A. Schulte: Die Fugger in Rom, 1495-1523, 2 vols., Leipzig, 1904. C. Samarin and G. Mollat: La Fiscalit pontifen France au XIVe Si cle, Paris, 1905. P. Thoman: Le droit de propriete des laïques sur les eglises et le patronat laïque au moy. ge, Paris, 1906. Also the work on Canon Law by T. Hinschius, 6 vols., Berlin, 1869-1897, and E. Friedberg, 6th ed., Leipzig, 1903. | ||||
For Later Avignon Popes. Lettres des papes d'Avignon se rappor-tant a la France, viz. Lettres communes de Benoit XII., ed. J. M. Vidal, Paris, 1906; Lettres closes, patentes et curiales, ed. G. Daumet, Paris, 1890; Lettres... de Clement VI., ed. E. Deprez, Paris, 1901; Excerpta ex registr. de Clem. VI. et Inn. VI., ed. Werunsky, Innsbruck, 1886; Lettres... de Pape Urbain V., ed. P. Lecacheux, Paris, 1902. J. H. Albans: Actes anciens et documents concernant le bienheureux Urbain V., ed. by U. Chevalier, Paris, 1897. Contains the fourteen early lives of Urban. Baluze: Vitae paparum Avenionen-sium, 1693;- Muratori: in Rer. ital. scripp, XIV. 9-728. Cerri: Innocenzo VI., papa, Turin, 1873. Magnan: Hist. d' Urbain V., 2d ed., Paris, 1863. Werunsky: Gesch. karls IV. u. seiner Zeit, 3 vols., Innsbruck, 1880-1892. Geo. Schmidt: Der Hist. Werth der 14 alten Biographien des Urban V., Breslau, 1907. Kirsch: Rueckkehr der Paepste, as above. In large part, documents for the first time published. Lechner: Das grosse Sterben in Deutschland, 1348-1351, 1884. C. Creighton: Hist. of Epidemics in England, Cambridge, 1891. F. A. Gasquet: The Great Pestilence, London, 1893, 2d ed., entitled The Black Death, 1908. A. Jessopp: The Black Death in East Anglia in Coming of the Friars, pp. 166-261. Villani, Wattenbach, p. 226 sqq.; Pastor, I., Gregorovius, Cardinal Albornoz, Paderborn, 1892. | ||||
For The Re-Establishment of the Papacy in Rome. The Lives of Gregory XI. in Baluz, I. 426 sqq., and Muratori, III. 2, 645. Kirsch: Ruerkkehr, etc., as above. Leon Mirot: La politique pontif. et le retour du S. Siege a Rome, 1376, Paris, 1899. F. Hammerich: St. Brigitta, die nordische Prophetin u. Ordenstifterin, Germ. ed., Gotha, 1872. For further Lit. on St. Brigitta, see Herzog, III. 239. For works on Catherine of Siena, see ch. III. Also Gieseler, II., 3, pp. 1-131; Pastor, I. 101-114; Gregorovius, VI. | ||||